STRUCTURE OF TENSE



1. Simple present tense

Digunakan untukmenyatakan suatu peristiwa secar berukang-ulang atau kebiasaan

Formula; (+) S + VERB1 + S/ES + O

(-) S + NOT + VERB1 + O

(?) DO/DOES + S + VERB1 + O



Example; (+) Ani always pours the flowers every morning

(-) Ani not always pour the flowers every morning

(?)do Ani always pour the flowers every morning?



2. Simple past tense

DFigunakan untuk menunjukan peristiwa yang telah lampau

Formula; (+) S + VERB2 + O

(-) S + DID NOT + VERB1 + O

(?) DID + S + VERB1 + S/ES + O



Example; (+) Dino wrote a letter yesterday

(-) Dino did not write a letter yesterday

(?) Did Dino write a lettr yesterday?



3. Present continuous tense

Digunakan untuk menyatakan perbuatan yan sdang berlangsung

Formula; (+) S + TOBE + VERB.ING + O

(-) S + TOBE + NOT + VERB.ING + O

(?) TOBE + S + VERB.ING + O



Example; (+) He is eating now

(-) He is not eating now

(?) Is he eating now?



4. Past continuous tense

Digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa pada masa lampau

Formula; (+) S + WAS/WERE + VERB.ING + O

(-) S + WAS/WERE + NOT + VERB.ING + O

(?) WAS/WERE + S + VERB.ING + O









Example; (+) Roby was sleeping soundly

(+) Roby was not sleeping soundly

(?) was Roby sleeping soundly?



5. Present perfect tense

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa yang barusaja terjadi, biasanya menggunakan kata just

Formula; (+) S + HAS/HAVE + VERB3 + O

(-) S + HAS/HAVE + NOT + VERB3 + O

(?) HAS/HAVE + S + VERB3 + O



Example; (+) She has written a lettr just now

(-) She has not written a lettr just now

(?) has She written a lettr just now?



6. Present future tense

Digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang akan dilakukan dimasa yang akan dating

Formula; (+) S +WILL/SHALL + VERB1 + O

(-) S + WILL/SHALL NOT + VERB1 + O

(?) WILL/SHALL + S + VERB1 + O



Example; (+) Dody will come to school tomorrow

(-) Dody will not come to school tomorrow

(?) will Dody come to school tomorrow ?



7. Future continuous tense

Untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang akan sedang berlangsung diwaktu terentu dimasa yang akan datang

Formula; (+) S +WILL/SHALL + BE + VERB.ING + O

(-) S + WILL/SHALL NOT + BE + VERB.ING + O

(?) WILL/SHALL + S + BE + VERB.ING + O



Example; (+) She will be coming here next week

(-) She will not be coming here next week

(?) will she be coming here next week?



8. Present perfect continuous tense

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa yang dimualai dimasa lampau dan terus berlangsung sampai sekarang

Formula; (+) S + HAS/HAVE + BEEN + VERB.ING + O

(-) S + HAS/HAVE + NOT + BEEN + VERB.ING + O

(?) HAS/HAVE + S + BEEN + VERB.ING + O



Example; (+) Mr.Budi has been living in Pekanbaru since 2000

(+) Mr.Budi has not been living in Pekanbaru since 2000

(+) has Mr.Budy been living in Pekanbaru since 2000?



9. Past perfect tense

Digunakan untuk menyatakan simple pasat tense apabila digunakan untuk mengacu /menunjukan suatu peristiwa masa almpau yang terjadi paa waktu tertentu

Formula; (+) S + HAD + VERB3 + O

(-) S + HAD + NOT + VERB3 + O

(?) HAD + S + VERB3 + O



Example; (+) He had eaten fish those time

(-) He had not eaten fish those time

(?) Had he eaten fish those time?



10. Past perfect continuous tense

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa yang telah berlangsung selama beberapa saat ketika terjadi peristiwa lainya di masa lampau

Formula; (+) S + HAD + BEEN + VERB.ING + O

(-) S + HAD + BEEN + NOT + VERB.ING + O

(?) HAD + BEEN + S + VERB.ING + O



Example; (+) She had been studying when he come here

(+) She had been not studying when he come here

(+) Had been she studying when he come here?



11. Present future perfect tense

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa yang akan telah terjadi at5au akan telah selesai dilakukan di waktu tertentu dimsa yan akan dating

Formula; (+) S +WILL/SHALL + HAVE + VERB3 + O

(-) S + WILL/SHALL NOT + HAVE + VERB3 + O

(?) WILL/SHALL + HAVE + S + VERB3 + O



Example; (+) This homework will have finished tomorrow morning

(-) This homework will not have finished tomorrow morning

(?) Will This homework have finished tomorrow morning?











12. Present future perfect continuous tense

Digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang telah sedang berlangsung diwaktu tertentu dimasa yang akan dating

Formula; (+) S +WILL/SHALL + HAVE + BEEN + VERB.ING + O

(-) S + WILL/SHALL NOT + HAVE + BEEN + VERB.ING + O

(?) WILL/SHALL + HAVE + BEEN + S + VERB.ING + O



Example; (+) My uncle will have been working in that hospital for ten years next year

(-) My uncle will not have been working in that hospital for ten years next year

(?) Will My uncle have been working in that hospital for ten years next year?



13. Past future tense

Digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang dilakukan karena sebab tertentu akan terjadi dimasa lampau

Formula; (+) S +WOULD/SHOULD + VERB1 + O

(-) S + WOULD/SHOULD NOT + VERB1 + O

(?) WOULD/SHOULD + S + VERB1 + O



Example; (+) Rony would come to your home, but you go to hospital last monday

(-)Rony would not come to your home, but you go to hospital last monday

(?)would Rony come to your home, but you go to hospital last Monday?



14. Past future continuous tense

Digunakan sebagai bentuk lampau dari present future continuous untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa yang akan sedang berlangsung

Formula; (+) S +WOULD/SHOULD + BE + VERB.ING + O

(-) S + WOULD/SHOULD NOT + BE + VERB.ING + O

(?) WOULD/SHOULD + S + BE + VERB.ING + O



Example; (+) Dony would be working at this hour yesterday afternoon

(-) Dony would be not working at this hour yesterday afternoon

(?) would Dony be working at this hour yesterday afternoon?



15. Past future perfect tense

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa yang akan telah terjadi pada waktu tertentu dimasa lampau

Formula; (+) S +WOULD/SHOULD + HAVE + VERB3 + O

(-) S + WOULD/SHOULD NOT + HAVE + VERB3 + O

(?) WOULD/SHOULD + HAVE + S + VERB3 + O







Example; (+) She would have fallen when she climbing

(-) She would not have fallen when she climbing

(?) would have she fallen when she climbing?





16. Past future perfect continuous tense

Digunakan intuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa yang akan telah berlangsung diwaktu yan akan dating dimasa lampau

Formula; (+) S +WOULD/SHOULD + HAVE + BEEN + VERB.ING + O

(-) S + WOULD/SHOULD NOT + HAVE + BEEN + VERB.ING + O

(?) WOULD/SHOULD + HAVE + BEEN + S + VERB.ING + O



Example; (+) My brother would have been borning by the time I examination junior high school

(+) My brother would not have been borning by the time I examination junior high

school

(+) would My brother have been borning by the time I examination junior high school?











PASSIVE VOICE



1. Simple present tense

Formula : (+) S + TOBE + V3 + BY + O

(- ) S + TOBE NOT + V3 + BY + O

(? ) TOBE + S + V3 + BY + O



Example : (+) once day, the garden is cleaned by Jery

(- ) once day, the garden is not cleaned by Jery

(? ) Is once day, the garden cleaned by Jery ?



2. Present continuous tense

Formula : (+) S + TOBE + BEING + V3 + BY + O

(- )S + TOBE NOT + BEING + V3 + BY + O

(?)TOBE + S + BEING + V3 + BY + O



Example ; (+) Right now, the letter is written by Susi

(- ) Right now, the letter is not written by Susi

(? ) is Right now, the letter written by Susi?



3. Present perfect

Formula : (+) S + HAVE/HAS + BEEN + V3 + BY + O

(- ) S + HAVE/HAS NOT + BEEN + V3 + BY + O

(?) HAVE/HAS + S + BEEN + V3 + BY + O



Example ; (+) The garden has been visited by tony’s family

(- ) The garden has not been visited by tony’s family

(?) has been the garden visited by tony’s family ?



4. Present perfect continuous

Formula : (+) S + HAVE/HAS + BEEN + BEING + V3 + BY + O

(- ) S + HAVE/HAS NOT + BEEN + BEING + V3 + BY + O

(?) HAVE/HAS + S + BEEN + BEING + V3 + BY + O



Example : (+) The homework has been being finished by toni

(- ) The homework has not been being finished by toni

(?) has The homework has been being finished by toni?



5. Simple past tense

Formula : (+) S + WAS/WERE + V3 BY + O

(-) S + WAS/WERE NOT + V3 BY + O

(?) WAS/WERE + S + V3 BY + O?



Example : (+) The class room was cleaned by mr.tukul

(-)The class room was not cleaned by mr.tukul

(?) Was The class room cleaned by mr.tukul?

6. Simple past continuous tense

Formula: (+) S + WAS/WERE + BEING+ V3 + BY + O

(-) S + WAS/WERE NOT + BEING + V3 + BY + O

(?) WAS/WERE + S + BEING + V3 + BY + O?



Example: (+) The customer was being helped by the salesman when the thief

came into the store

(+) The customer was not being helped by the salesman when the thief

came into the store

(+) Was The customer being helped by the salesman when the thief

came into the store?



7. Past perfect tense

Formula: (+) S + HAD + BEEN + V3 BY + O

(-) S + HAD NOT + BEEN + V3 BY + O

(?) HAD +S + BEEN + V3 BY + O



Example : (+) Many homework had been finished by hany

(-) Many homework had been finished by hany

(?) Many homework had been finished by hany



8. Past perfect continuous

Formula : (+) S + HAD + BEEN + BEING + V3 BY + O

(-) S + HAD NOT + BEEN + BEING +V3 BY + O

(?) HAD +S + BEEN + BEING + V3 BY + O



Example: (+) The hotel had been being prepared by Mrs.Laila for 3 days before

she movede to England

: (+) The hotel had not been being prepared by Mrs.Laila for 3 days

before she movede to England

: (+) Had The hotel been being prepared by Mrs.Laila for 3 days before

she movede to England?





9. Simple present future tense

Formula: (+) S + WILL/SHALL + BE + V3 + BY + O

(-) S + WILL/SHALL NOT + BE + V3 + BY + O

(?) WILL/SHALL + S + BE + V3 + BY + O



Example: (+) The work will be finished by 09.00pm

(+) The work will not be finished by 09.00pm

(+) Will The work be finished by 09.00pm?





10. Future continuous tense

Formula: (+) S + WILL/SHALL + BE + BEING + V3 + BY + O

(-) S + WILL/SHALL NOT + BE + BEING + V3 + BY + O

(?) WILL/SHALL + S + BE + BEING + V3 + BY + O



Example: (+) They will be being traveled by bus

(-) They will not be being traveled by bus

(?) Will They be being traveled by bus?



11. Future perfect

Formula: (+) S + WILL/SHALL + HAVE + BEEN + V3 + BY + O

(-) S + WILL/SHALL NOT + HAVE + BEEN+ V3 + BY + O

(?) WILL/SHALL + S + HAVE + BEEN + V3 + BY + O



Example: (+) The work have been completed by the student

(-) The work have not been completed by the student

(?) Have The work been completed by the student?



12. Future perfect continuous

Formula: (+) S + WILL/SHALL + BE + BEING + V3 + BY + O

(-) S + WILL/SHALL NOT + BE + BEING + V3 + BY + O

(?) WILL/SHALL + S + BE + BEING + V3 + BY + O



Example: (+) The mural have been being painted by the famous artist for over six

month by the time it is finished

(-) The mural have not been being painted by the famous artist for over

six month by the time it is finished

(?) Have The mural been being painted by the famous artist for over

six month by the time it is finished?